PICOT STATEMENT

 The first step of the EBP process is to develop a question from the nursing practice problem of interest. Select a practice problem of interest to use as the focus of your research. Start with the patient and identify the clinical problems or issues that arise from clinical care. Following the PICOT format, write a PICOT statement in your selected practice problem area of interest, which is applicable to your proposed capstone project. The PICOT statement will provide a framework for your capstone project (the project students must complete during their final course in the RN-BSN program of study). Conduct a literature search to locate research articles focused on your selected practice problem of interest. This literature search should include both quantitative and qualitative peer-reviewed research articles to support your practice problem. Select six peer-reviewed research articles which will be utilized through the next 5 weeks as reference sources. Be sure that some of the articles use qualitative research and that some use quantitative research. Create a reference list in which the six articles are listed. Beneath each reference include the article’s abstract. The completed assignment should have a title page and a reference list with abstracts. Suggestions for locating qualitative and quantitative research articles from credible sources: Use a library database such as CINAHL Complete for your search. Using the advanced search page check the box beside “Research Article” in the “Limit Your Results” section. When setting up the search you can type your topic in the top box, then add quantitative or qualitative as a search term in one of the lower boxes. Research articles often are described as qualitative or quantitative. To narrow/broaden your search, remove the words qualitative and quantitative and include words that narrow or broaden your main topic. For example: Diabetes and pediatric and dialysis. To determine what research design was used, review the abstract and the methods section of the article. The author will provide a description of data collection using qualitative or quantitative methods. Problem Statement The recent studies by National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHNES) have shown increased incidents of diabetes. Diabetes is a chronic health condition that is characterized by abnormal cholesterol levels in the body and can critically trigger a heart attack or stroke. This health condition is caused by risk factors such as obesity, sedentary lifestyle and genetics. The increasing rate of diabetes among the minority groups in the United States, mainly from the African American origin, has raised healthcare concerns. Over the last decade, the annual rate increase has been 1.4% for both women and men. Surprisingly, over the last ten years, the rate of men with diabetes has closed the gap with the women. Therefore, this study will focus on research on the prevalence of diabetes among the African American and compare the control solution between improved physical activity and healthy dietary habits. PICO Question Amidst prevalence of diabetes in the African American minority group over the Whites, how does a healthy dietary habit compared to physical activity enhance control of diabetes? Literature Search This research is motivated by the desire to understand the causes and risk factors that are attributable the rise in the incidents of diabetes in the contemporary society. The study acknowledges the studies conducted previously on the prevalence of diabetes among the minority groups such as African Americans and the Latinos. However, the researcher will focus on the intervention and the evidence-based control measures for the diabetes health condition. The two measures identified are active engagement in physical activity and maintaining a healthy dietary habit. Succinctly, the researcher will compare the most suitable and the most effective intervention that will be influenced by other factors such as income, trends, and age. This literature search will be focused on the six previous studies on the prevalence of diabetes among the minority group and the control measures for the health condition. 1st study Flegal, K. M., Carroll, M. D., Kit, B. K., & Ogden, C. L. (2012). Prevalence of obesity and trends in the distribution of body mass index among US adults, 1999-2010. Jama, 307(5), 491-497. Flegal et al. (2012) is a quantitative study that was conducted with the objective of determining the trends in the rise of obesity cases within the residents of the United States. The study revealed that the incidents of diabetes in the last ten years have been increasing for both men and women. The trends of diabetes for the African American men has sharply risen to close the gap that existed between them and the women in the last decade. This study shows that if serious measures are not taken immediately to control the health condition, then in the next ten years the numbers of the victims will have doubled. I chose this study because it has statistical facts from a nationally recognized healthcare institution which will support the literature review with statistical facts as the research is evidence-based. 2nd study Ogden, C. L., Carroll, M. D., Kit, B. K., & Flegal, K. M. (2012). Prevalence of obesity in the United States, 2009-2010 (pp. 1-8). Hyattsville, MD: US Department of Health and Human Services, Centers for Disease Control and Prevention, National Center for Health Statistics The study conducted by Ogden et al. (2012) was conducted from analysis of statistical data from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey between 2011 and 2012 to determine the prevalence of obesity among the American population. This quantitative study found out that over 1/3 of the adults and approximately 17% of the children were obese. Obesity is the leading risk factor for diabetes. The study relied on analysis of secondary data that was previously collected by National Institute of Health. I chose this study as the data was collected from the participants from National Health and Nutrition Examination Survey (NHANES) records and the data was up to date which will be helpful for the study.