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Chapter 1017. Role of IMFs How have international mutual funds (IMFs) increased the international integration of capital markets among countries?18. Spinning and Laddering Describe spinning and laddering in the IPO market. How do you think these actions influence the price of a newly issued stock? Who is adversely affected as a result of these actions?21. IPO Dilemma Denton Company plans to engage in an IPO and will issue 4 million shares of stock. It is hoping to sell the shares for an offer price of $14. It hires a securities firm, which suggests that the offer price for the stock should be $12 per share to ensure that all the shares can easily be sold. Explain the dilemma for Denton Company. What is the advantage of following the advice of the securities firm? What is the disadvantage? Is the securities firm’s incentive to place the shares aligned with that of Denton Company?Dividend Yield Over the last year, Calzone Corporation paid a quarterly dividend of $0.10 in each of the four quarters. The current stock price of Calzone Corporation is $39.78. What is the dividend yield for Calzone stock?Chapter 121. Orders Explain the difference between a market order and a limit order.2. Margins Explain how margin requirements can affect the potential return and risk from investing in a stock. What is the maintenance margin?13. Bid-Ask Spread of Penny Stocks Your friend just told you about a penny stock he purchased, which increased in price from $0.10 to $0.50 per share. You start investigating penny stocks and, after conducting a large amount of research, you find a stock with a quoted price of $0.05. Upon further investigation, you notice that the ask price for the stock is $0.08 and that the bid price is $0.01. Discuss the possible reasons for this wide bid-ask spread.Chapter 131. Futures Contracts Describe the general characteristics of a futures contract. How does a clearinghouse facilitate the trading of financial futures contracts?10. Long versus Short Hedge Explain the difference between a long hedge and a short hedge used by financial institutions. When is a long hedge more appropriate than a short hedge?18. Hedging with Futures Elon Savings and Loan Association has a large number of 30-year mortgages with floating interest rates that adjust on an annual basis and obtains most of its funds by issuing five-year certificates of deposit. It uses the yield curve to assess the market’s anticipation of future interest rates. It believes that expectations of future interest rates are the major force affecting the yield curve. Assume that a downward-sloping yield curve with a steep slope exists. Based on this information, should Elon consider using financial futures as a hedging technique? Explain.Chapter 141. Writing Call Options A call option on Illinois stock specifies an exercise price of $38. Today, the stock’s price is $40. The premium on the call option is $5. Assume the option will not be exercised until maturity, if at all. Complete the following table:ASSUMED STOCK PRICE AT THE TIME THE CALL OPTION IS ABOUT TO EXPIRENET PROFIT OR LOSS PER SHARE TO BE EARNED BY THE WRITER (SELLER) OF THE CALL OPTION$3739414345485. Covered Call Strategya. Evanston Insurance, Inc., has purchased shares of Stock E at $50 per share. It will sell the stock in six months. It considers using a strategy of covered call writing to partially hedge its position in this stock. The exercise price is $53, the expiration date is six months, and the premium on the call option is $2. Complete the following table:POSSIBLE PRICE OF STOCK E IN SIX MONTHSPROFIT OR LOSS PER SHARE IF A COVERED CALL STRATEGY IS USEDPROFIT OR LOSS PER SHARE IF A COVERED CALL STRATEGY IS NOT USED$475052555760