Tuner’s Discussion Functionalism

Tuner’s Discussion: Functionalism

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The society that people operate in quite a sophisticated, concise understanding of how things work could address some of the social problems that emerge. People have used different approaches to provide a clear image of how society operates; some of the proposed techniques lack an elaborate process to underscore various distinctions. The analysis of social systems should proceed to promote the understanding of social needs that a given society must meet. The initial discussions on functionalism emerged in social science but disappeared into biology and reappeared in the 1950s. The organismic analogy is a borrowed concept and helps in underscoring the actual reorganization and interaction, which boosts the survival of organisms in the community. Under the approach, social scientists explored various systems in the human body and how they work to form an orchestrated plan. A close view of different even and reorganization similarly to the human body, explains how diverse communities define its system’s functionality.

During the second decade of the twentieth century, there was a significant focus on analyzing society’s evolution. The central aspect of change happened to carry with it the ideas of functionalism. Theorist used functionalism to detail observed superiority in the ethnocentrism in the European continent. Turner’s approach has been relevant in understanding biology concepts and how sociologists integrate both aspects into explaining some challenging ideas. According to turner, the system to bring the logic of evolution in society would be crucial in providing a clear image of a people’s culture. Turner highlighted that functionalism would save an understanding of sociology concepts, which largely depends on Darwin’s’ unviable ideas (Turner, 2017). He proposed that the previously held ideologies of selection appear not on individual levels rather than on superorganisms. Knowledge from biology brought into unmasking the social efforts of functionalism fails to provide a clear image of how society runs and the adoption of certain cultural practices.

Turner noted that sociocultural systems are dynamic as they can gain new insights through the borrowing of ideas and innovation, which concepts in biology would not explain (Turner, 2017). Ignoring selection pressures and conceptualization functionalization enables agents to form sound social systems. Ideally, this would ensure that there is the integration of the functionalism ideas into the social sciences. This would be crucial if social scientists understood the beauty of sociology concepts and integrating them with some aspects of biology to help functionalism thrive.

The Talcott model found favor in functionalism as it reappeared in half of the twentieth century. His theory’s evolution found favor in sociology, and it became an integral theoretic approach to understanding social and cultural changes. The idea prioritized four different levels of understanding and analyzing the culture, including later behavior, social, cultural, and psychological view. The cybernetic hierarchy could explain some aspects that emerged with using the four levels of his theory. Importantly, Talcott provided his explanation through the critical milestone of information and energy. His model provided a detailed view of what happens in the different systems (Turner, 2017). The cultural system, according to Talcott, enabled people to understand the interrelation of ideas. The other systems also understood why things happen in a given way and the importance of regulating energy flow. The integration of the Talcott model’s system further ignited an understanding of how the human perspective operates in the universe.

Turner’s new system brings ideas from the biological view, sociocultural view, and functionalism to explaining the trend of interaction in society. Turner believes that Spencers’ adopting superorganism functionalism would enhance scientific studies and analysis. According to turner, the central idea of superiority appears in spencer’s model would require a prerequisite of understanding how various evolution and behavior changes occur. People should change the way they view the evolutionary pressures, and they should recognize that selection pressures originated from a wide variety of factors. There are no specific factors that led to the inclination of superiority as held by some social scientists, different factors shaped the organism in a way that it could fit and survive in its ultimate locality.

Turner’s new system is crucial, providing an understanding of evolution and clearing the held notion of gender and race inequalities. Ideally, his approach provides a systematic understanding of functionality and an organism’s behaviors in nature. Notably, social pressure is not relevant in shaping the idealism of superorganism. Exposure to a demanding environment rather than selection in active biology help people and organism to think out of the box to enhance their coping behaviors. Contrary, organism thriving in comfort zone would not realize the ideal aspect of superorganism as they are no drive to achieving beyond their quest. Categorical inequality is responsible for creating hatred among people, the superstition of superiority, and gender roles further appear under the notion (Turner, 2017). Turner’s approach would be relevant in explaining inequality brought about the sense of societal interaction. Therefore he would point at critical difference and exposure to environmental factors that ignite specific behavior rather than using evolutionary theories to deceive people of being superior to others.

Conclusion

Functionalism is crucial in unmasking how society operated and how different spheres of life influence specific character formation. This approach is critical to providing a detailed explanation of societal forces’ help in building characters and the interactions that create an orchestrated system of ideas through which our societies operate. Structural functionalism theory provides a crucial understanding of various aspects of life and links to different factors. It’s the only approach that offers a brief explanation of how social work achieves its overall goal of peace, love, and cohesion.

References

Turner, J. H. (2017). Functionalism. The Wiley‐Blackwell Encyclopedia of Social Theory, 1-9.